The Taliban government in Afghanistan has celebrated the fourth anniversary of its return to power, bolstered by Russia’s decision to become the first country to officially recognise its administration — a move the Taliban hopes other nations will emulate.
On Friday, August 15, 2025, white-and-black flags of the Taliban’s “Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan” adorned streets across Kabul, marking the day the group seized the capital in 2021. Celebrations included planned parades in multiple cities, with helicopters in central Kabul expected to drop flowers.
The festivities began the previous night when Taliban members gathered at a square near the former US embassy — once a symbol of their greatest adversary during the 20-year insurgency — waving flags and launching fireworks.
Unlike last year’s elaborate military parade at Bagram Airbase, previously the hub of US-led military operations, no large-scale military display was held this year, with no official explanation provided.
While the Taliban continues to enjoy control within Afghanistan, it remains isolated internationally due to its strict interpretation of Islamic law, particularly policies curtailing the rights of women and girls. These restrictions include bans on most education and employment for women, as well as prohibitions on visiting parks, gyms, and travelling without a male guardian.
In July, the International Criminal Court issued arrest warrants for two senior Taliban leaders, accusing them of crimes against humanity over the systematic persecution of women and girls.
Nonetheless, the group achieved a diplomatic breakthrough when Russia officially recognised its government in early July. Kabul also maintains close, albeit unofficial, relations with several countries, including China, the United Arab Emirates, and Central Asian states. In recent months, Taliban officials have hosted delegations from Norway, Britain, and the United States for talks.
Domestically, the Taliban faces little organised opposition but must grapple with significant challenges, including a struggling economy, reduced international aid, and the arrival of some four million Afghans expelled from neighbouring countries.
Meanwhile, independent experts appointed by the United Nations Human Rights Council have urged the global community not to legitimise the Taliban’s rule, warning against acceptance of what they described as “violent and authoritarian governance.”
